Technology and unique instrumentation have led to the development of surgical techniques for the diagnosis and repair of joint disorders. Knee arthroscopy was developed in the late 1960's. Small joint arthroscopy was developed in the early 1980's by orthopaedic and podiatric surgeons and adapted to foot and ankle joints.

Dr. Cowin may identify a potential problem with a foot or ankle joint after examining the lower extremity. Arthroscopic surgery may be recommended to confirm a diagnosis or perform a surgical procedure within a joint using an arthroscopic instrument. For example, needle-like probes enter the joint through a small opening of the skin. Dr. Cowin introduces a tiny camera to inspect the joint. Dr. Cowin may also insert surgical instruments through another small incision to perform additional procedures within the joint.

Unlike traditional joint surgery that requires large incisions to expose the joint, arthroscopy uses small openings to examine the joint. By eliminating the need for large incisions, arthroscopy reduces the risk of infection and swelling. Arthroscopy is a "same day" procedure allowing the patient to return home after surgery. Dr. Cowin will discuss all aspects of surgery with you.

Instrumentation

Dr.Cowin uses delicate instruments and miniature video cameras to perform arthroscopic surgery. These instruments include cutting tools, burrs, graspers, shavers, fastening tools, sutures, laser and electrocautery to control bleeding.

Arthroscopic techniques allow for a variety of procedures that are performed on foot and ankle joints. The following table reflects conditions for which the arthroscope can be used to diagnose and perform reconstructive procedures.

Advantages of arthroscopic surgery include reduced trauma due to the small instruments used. Small instruments cause less damage to surrounding skin, ligaments, tendons and bony structures. Movement of the joint reduces swelling, stiffness, and postoperative discomfort. Dr. Cowin may recommend exercising the joint to hasten your recovery to bathing, walking, and sports activity.

Postoperative Care

Dr. Cowin may recommend rest, ice, compression, and elevation ("RICE") to help speed healing.

REST

Ask Dr. Cowin how long you should rest or restrict activity.

ICE

Ice reduces swelling, bleeding and pain following surgery.

COMPRESSION

Dressings help reduce swelling and stabilize the joint, preventing unnecessary motion. Dressings should be snug but should not interfere with proper circulation.

ELEVATION

Keep the foot at or above the level of your heart to drain excess fluids away from your foot. This helps to reduce swelling and discomfort.

Summary

Arthroscopy allows Dr. Cowin to look directly into your ankle and reach a more accurate diagnosis. Additional benefits of arthroscopy include a shortened postoperative course and rapid recovery.